Mis casos clínicos de especialidades odontológicas

Libro que muestra la atención de casos clínicos particulares referente a las diferentes especialidades odontológicasLibro que muestra la atención de casos clínicos particulares referente a las diferentes especialidades odontológicasUniversidad Autónoma de Campeche Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Méxic

Sin / Sense

Sexto desafío por la erradicación de la violencia contra las mujeres del Institut Universitari d’Estudis Feministes i de Gènere «Purificación Escribano» de la Universitat Jaume

Immunomodulatory Effects Mediated by Dopamine

Dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), has modulatory functions at the systemic level. The peripheral and central nervous systems have independent dopaminergic system (DAS) that share mechanisms and molecular machinery. In the past century, experimental evidence has accumulated on the proteins knowledge that is involved in the synthesis, reuptake, and transportation of DA in leukocytes and the differential expression of the D1-like (D1R and D5R) and D2-like receptors (D2R, D3R, and D4R). The expression of these components depends on the state of cellular activation and the concentration and time of exposure to DA. Receptors that are expressed in leukocytes are linked to signaling pathways that are mediated by changes in cAMP concentration, which in turn triggers changes in phenotype and cellular function. According to the leukocyte lineage, the effects of DA are associated with such processes as respiratory burst, cytokine and antibody secretion, chemotaxis, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity. In clinical conditions such as schizophrenia, Parkinson disease, Tourette syndrome, and multiple sclerosis (MS), there are evident alterations during immune responses in leukocytes, in which changes in DA receptor density have been observed. Several groups have proposed that these findings are useful in establishing clinical status and clinical markers

El reto del abastecimiento de agua potable. Calidad del agua y su gestión

México se considera un país con disponibilidad de agua suficiente para cubrir las necesidades de la población, con más de 4300 m3 por habitante; pero, tal cantidad debe ajustarse por su distribución temporal y espacial, y características locales como el crecimiento urbano y suburbano, y actividades productivas que demandan cada vez de agua potable y el consecuente incremento del volumen de agua residual. En este contexto, los factores locales que más reducen la disponibilidad de agua es la contaminación de los cuerpos de agua por descargas continuas del drenaje doméstico e industrial, o durante los periodos de lluvias por los escurrimientos que se generan de los terrenos con uso agropecuario e instalaciones ganaderas. Según la Secretaría de Medio Ambiente para el Desarrollo Sustentable (SEMADES), todos los municipios de las regiones Altos sur y Altos norte de Jalisco, presentan problemas de contaminación de agua superficial, al verter aguas residuales sin tratamiento a la red fluvial y por desechos de granjas; aunque los sistemas de producción agropecuaria también se han identificado como fuentes de contaminación no puntual para los cuerpos de agua superficial. Más dramática es la situación de estos recursos hídricos contaminados de la región Alteña que están planeados para utilizarse en ciudades como Guadalajara, en Jalisco o León, en Guanajuato; las regiones Altos sur y Altos norte también reportan problemas de sobreexplotación de acuíferos, acentuados por la extracción de aguas subterráneas profundas con alto contenido de flúor, selenio y arsénico, con el consecuente efecto negativo en la salud de la población que consuma esta agua. El Cuerpo Académico (CA) N° 561 “Calidad del agua” del Centro Universitario de los Altos de la Universidad de Guadalajara, desde su formación planteó en sus metas el desarrollar el conocimiento para participar en la solución de la problemática de la sustentabilidad hídrica y así cumplir con el compromiso adquirido con la población Alteña. El CA requiere de acciones como la vinculación e intercambio de experiencias con otros investigadores, cuerpos académicos similares, e inclusive, instituciones que tienen al recurso hídrico y sus procesos de contaminación y tratamiento, como tema central de estudio

Demographic history and genetic structure in pre-Hispanic Central Mexico

International audienceAridoamerica and Mesoamerica are two distinct cultural areas in northern and central Mexico, respectively, that hosted numerous pre-Hispanic civilizations between 2500 BCE and 1521 CE. The division between these regions shifted southward because of severe droughts ~1100 years ago, which allegedly drove a population replacement in central Mexico by Aridoamerican peoples. In this study, we present shotgun genome-wide data from 12 individuals and 27 mitochondrial genomes from eight pre-Hispanic archaeological sites across Mexico, including two at the shifting border of Aridoamerica and Mesoamerica. We find population continuity that spans the climate change episode and a broad preservation of the genetic structure across present-day Mexico for the past 2300 years. Lastly, we identify a contribution to pre-Hispanic populations of northern and central Mexico from two ancient unsampled “ghost” populations

Patrimonio local y turismo de interior : Calzada de Caltrava y Aldea del Rey

Resumen basado en el de la publicación.A lo largo del curso 2012/2013 se ha desarrollado en el IES Eduardo Valencia de Calzada de Calatrava el Proyecto de Innovación Educativa “Patrimonio local y turismo rural: Calzada de Calatrava y Aldea del Rey”, con el fin de que los alumnos profundizasen en el conocimiento de los recursos histórico-artísticos, naturales y antropológicos que ambas localidades ofrecen, pusieran en valor el patrimonio que posee el medio que les rodea, y apreciasen sus potencialidades económicas y laborales, que pueden resultar básicas para la dinamización de la comarca. También se perseguía mostrar la importancia del aprovechamiento de las posibilidades que el conocimiento de idiomas extranjeros, el dominio de las tecnologías de la información y el uso del diseño otorgan a los alumnos, que han de constituirse en futuros recursos laborales. El último objetivo, pero no menos importante, fue el fomento del espíritu emprendedor en lo relativo a las posibilidades que otorga el medio local rural desde el punto de vista turístico.Consejería de Educación, Cultura y Deportes de Castilla-La ManchaCastilla La ManchaES

Mis casos Clínicos de Odontopediatría y Ortodoncia

Libro que conjunta casos en el área de Odontopediatría y OrtodonciaEs para los integrantes de la Red de Investigación en Estomatología (RIE) una enorme alegría presentar el tercer libro del 2021, sobre casos clínicos, revisiones de la literatura e investigaciones. La RIE está integrada por cuerpos académicos de la UAEH, UAEM, UAC y UdeG

Health-status outcomes with invasive or conservative care in coronary disease

BACKGROUND In the ISCHEMIA trial, an invasive strategy with angiographic assessment and revascularization did not reduce clinical events among patients with stable ischemic heart disease and moderate or severe ischemia. A secondary objective of the trial was to assess angina-related health status among these patients. METHODS We assessed angina-related symptoms, function, and quality of life with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) at randomization, at months 1.5, 3, and 6, and every 6 months thereafter in participants who had been randomly assigned to an invasive treatment strategy (2295 participants) or a conservative strategy (2322). Mixed-effects cumulative probability models within a Bayesian framework were used to estimate differences between the treatment groups. The primary outcome of this health-status analysis was the SAQ summary score (scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health status). All analyses were performed in the overall population and according to baseline angina frequency. RESULTS At baseline, 35% of patients reported having no angina in the previous month. SAQ summary scores increased in both treatment groups, with increases at 3, 12, and 36 months that were 4.1 points (95% credible interval, 3.2 to 5.0), 4.2 points (95% credible interval, 3.3 to 5.1), and 2.9 points (95% credible interval, 2.2 to 3.7) higher with the invasive strategy than with the conservative strategy. Differences were larger among participants who had more frequent angina at baseline (8.5 vs. 0.1 points at 3 months and 5.3 vs. 1.2 points at 36 months among participants with daily or weekly angina as compared with no angina). CONCLUSIONS In the overall trial population with moderate or severe ischemia, which included 35% of participants without angina at baseline, patients randomly assigned to the invasive strategy had greater improvement in angina-related health status than those assigned to the conservative strategy. The modest mean differences favoring the invasive strategy in the overall group reflected minimal differences among asymptomatic patients and larger differences among patients who had had angina at baseline

Initial invasive or conservative strategy for stable coronary disease

BACKGROUND Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, whether clinical outcomes are better in those who receive an invasive intervention plus medical therapy than in those who receive medical therapy alone is uncertain. METHODS We randomly assigned 5179 patients with moderate or severe ischemia to an initial invasive strategy (angiography and revascularization when feasible) and medical therapy or to an initial conservative strategy of medical therapy alone and angiography if medical therapy failed. The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for unstable angina, heart failure, or resuscitated cardiac arrest. A key secondary outcome was death from cardiovascular causes or myocardial infarction. RESULTS Over a median of 3.2 years, 318 primary outcome events occurred in the invasive-strategy group and 352 occurred in the conservative-strategy group. At 6 months, the cumulative event rate was 5.3% in the invasive-strategy group and 3.4% in the conservative-strategy group (difference, 1.9 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8 to 3.0); at 5 years, the cumulative event rate was 16.4% and 18.2%, respectively (difference, 121.8 percentage points; 95% CI, 124.7 to 1.0). Results were similar with respect to the key secondary outcome. The incidence of the primary outcome was sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction; a secondary analysis yielded more procedural myocardial infarctions of uncertain clinical importance. There were 145 deaths in the invasive-strategy group and 144 deaths in the conservative-strategy group (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.32). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, we did not find evidence that an initial invasive strategy, as compared with an initial conservative strategy, reduced the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events or death from any cause over a median of 3.2 years. The trial findings were sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction that was used